Seals

ABSTRACT

A seal assembly comprising: a housing defining a groove; a seal disposed in the groove of the housing; and a coupling element adapted to restrict relative movement between the housing and the seal.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S.Provisional Application No. 62/825,227, entitled “SEALS,” by Peter AERTSet al., filed Mar. 28, 2019, which is assigned to the current assigneehereof and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

The present disclosure relates to seals.

RELATED ART

Seals can be utilized to form interfaces between similar or differentfluidic components having same or variable characteristics. Industriesutilizing seals continue to demand improvements in seal design andoperation.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figures are illustrated by way of example and are not intended to belimiting by the drawings.

FIG. 1 includes an axial view of a seal assembly in accordance with anembodiment.

FIG. 2 includes a perspective view of a portion of a seal assembly inaccordance with an embodiment.

FIG. 3 includes a perspective view of a circumferential end of a portionof a seal assembly in accordance with an embodiment.

FIG. 4 includes a cross-sectional perspective view of a seal assembly inaccordance with an embodiment, as seen along Line A-A in FIG. 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following description in combination with the figures is provided toassist in understanding the teachings disclosed herein. The followingdiscussion will focus on specific implementations and embodiments of theteachings. This focus is provided to assist in describing the teachingsand should not be interpreted as a limitation on the scope orapplicability of the teachings. However, other embodiments can be usedbased on the teachings as disclosed in this application.

The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” “including,” “has,”“having” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover anon-exclusive inclusion. For example, a method, article, or apparatusthat comprises a list of features is not necessarily limited only tothose features but may include other features not expressly listed orinherent to such method, article, or apparatus. Further, unlessexpressly stated to the contrary, “or” refers to an inclusive-or and notto an exclusive-or. For example, a condition A or B is satisfied by anyone of the following: A is true (or present) and B is false (or notpresent), A is false (or not present) and B is true (or present), andboth A and B are true (or present).

Also, the use of “a” or “an” is employed to describe elements andcomponents described herein. This is done merely for convenience and togive a general sense of the scope of the invention. This descriptionshould be read to include one, at least one, or the singular as alsoincluding the plural, or vice versa, unless it is clear that it is meantotherwise. For example, when a single item is described herein, morethan one item may be used in place of a single item. Similarly, wheremore than one item is described herein, a single item may be substitutedfor that more than one item.

The use of “approximately,” “generally,” and the like are employed todescribe relative allowable deviation from a given value. Such termsshould be read to include a deviation from the given value in a range of1% and 10% of the value, in a range of 1% and 9% of the value, in arange of 1% and 8% of the value, or in a range of 1% and 5% of thevalue.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used hereinhave the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill inthe art to which this invention belongs. The materials, methods, andexamples are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting. To theextent not described herein, many details regarding specific materialsand processing acts are conventional and may be found in textbooks andother sources within the sealing arts.

A seal assembly in accordance with one or more embodiments describedherein can generally include a housing and a seal coupled to thehousing. In an embodiment, the seal can be disposed in a groove of thehousing and retained in place relative to the housing by a couplingelement adapted to restrict relative movement between the housing andthe seal. The coupling element can include, for example, a threadedfastener, a non-threaded fastener, an adhesive, a clamp, or anycombination thereof. In a particular embodiment, the coupling elementcan include a fastener extending through the housing and seal.

In an embodiment, the seal assembly can include a split ring sealassembly (split seal assembly) defining one or more circumferentialgaps. In a particular embodiment, the seal assembly includes multiplecircumferential portions, such as two halves (e.g., a first half and asecond half), joined together at circumferential ends. To facilitatesealing characteristics, the circumferential ends of the two halves canbe adapted to fit together without producing circumferential gapstherebetween.

FIG. 1 includes an axial view of a seal assembly 100 in accordance withan embodiment. The seal assembly 100 includes a housing 102 and a seal104. The seal 104 can be disposed on an inner surface 106 of the housing102. The seal 104 can define an inner diameter of the seal assembly 100adapted to seal relative to an inner component (not illustrated), suchas a shaft. In an embodiment, the housing 102 can be part of a biggersystem, such as a shaft or crankshaft housing.

In an embodiment, the seal assembly 100 can have a multi-bodyconstruction. For example, the housing 102 can include a first portion108 and a second portion 110. In a particular embodiment, the firstportion 108 can define a first half of the housing 102 and the secondportion 110 can define a second half of the housing 102. The first andsecond portions 108 and 110 can be discrete (e.g., not fixedly coupledtogether). In such a manner, the first and second portions 108 and 110can be brought to an inner component and readily installed thereonwithout bending or distorting the seal assembly 100 or requiring axialdisplacement thereof.

The first and second portions 108 and 110 of the housing 102 can bejoined together at one or more interfaces 112. In an embodiment, theinterfaces 112 can be adapted to receive one or more fasteners, clamps,ties, or other engagement assemblies. Once engaged, the first and secondportions 108 and 110 can form an annular ring with a central axis 114.

Referring to FIG. 2, in an embodiment, the first portion 108 of thehousing 102 can be coupled with a first seal element 116 and the secondportion 110 of the housing 102 can be coupled with a second seal element118. The first portion 108 of the housing 102 and first seal element 116can engage with the second portion 110 of the housing 102 and the secondseal element 118 at an engagement interface 120. In an embodiment, theengagement interface 120 can be generally planar. The engagementinterface 120 can lie along a plane extending radially from the centralaxis 114. In an embodiment, the first and second seal elements 116 and118 can contact one another along the engagement interface 120. Inanother embodiment, the first and second portions 108 and 110 of thehousing 102 can contact one another along the engagement interface 120.

In an embodiment, the housing 102 can include a rigid material adaptedto remain approximately fully unchanged during normal operatingconditions of the seal assembly 100. For instance, the housing 102 caninclude one or more metals or alloys, rigid polymers, or combinationsthereof.

The seal 104 can include a polymeric material. Exemplary polymersinclude tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) such as polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), perfluoroalkoxy (PFA),polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), polyethylenetetrafluoroethylene(ETFE), vinylidene fluoride (THV), polyethylenechlorotrifluoroethylene(ECTFE), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), or any combination thereof. Thescope of the disclosure is not intended to be limited to those exemplarypolymers listed above. One or more fillers can be included in the seal104. Exemplary fillers include glass fibers, carbon fibers, silicon,PEEK, aromatic polyester, carbon particles, bronze, fluoropolymers,thermoplastic fillers, aluminum oxide, polyamidimide (PAI), PPS,polyphenylene sulfone (PPSO2), LCP, aromatic polyesters, molybdenumdisulfide, tungsten disulfide, graphite, grapheme, expanded graphite,boron nitrade, talc, calcium fluoride, or any combination thereof.Additionally, the filler can include alumina, silica, titanium dioxide,calcium fluoride, boron nitride, mica, Wollastonite, silicon carbide,silicon nitride, zirconia, carbon black, pigments, or any combinationthereof.

The seal assembly 100 can further include one or more coupling elementsadapted to restrict relative movement between the housing 102 and theseal 104. In certain instances, the one or more coupling elements caninclude discrete coupling elements. In a more particular embodiment, atleast one of the coupling elements can include a fastener 122 extendingthrough at least a portion of the housing 102 and at least a portion ofthe seal 104. The fastener 122 can include, for example, a threadedfastener, a non-threaded fastener, an adhered fastener, or anycombination thereof.

FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate a circumferential end 128 of the second portion110 of the housing 102 and the second seal element 118. The firstportion 108 of the housing 102 and the first seal element 116 may beconsidered a first subassembly of the seal assembly 100. The secondportion 110 of the housing 102 and the second seal element 118 may beconsidered a second subassembly of the seal assembly 100. Reference madeherein with respect to either the first or second subassemblies, partsshared by the subassemblies, or components thereof, may be considered toapply only to that subassembly or to either or both subassemblies oroverall assembly. In certain instances, the first and secondsubassemblies can be symmetrical with one another. For example, thefirst and second subassemblies can be rotationally symmetrical about thecentral axis 114 of the seal assembly 100, reflectively symmetrical(e.g., reflectively symmetrical about the engagement interface 120), orboth.

In an embodiment, the second seal element 118 can define a relaxedcircumferential length, L_(SR), as measured by a circumferential lengthof the second seal element 118 in a relaxed state, that is differentthan a circumferential length, L_(G), of a groove 124 in the secondportion 110 of the housing 102 in which the second seal element 118 isdisposed. In an embodiment, L_(SR) can be greater than L_(G). Forinstance, L_(SR) can be at least 1.001 L_(G), at least 1.005 L_(G), atleast 1.01 L_(G), at least 1.02 L_(G), at least 1.03 L_(G), or at least1.05 L_(G).

In an embodiment, the circumferential end 128 of the second seal element118 can extend a distance past the circumferential end 128 of the secondportion 110 of the housing 102. In an embodiment, the circumferentialend 128 of the second seal element 118 can overhang the circumferentialend 128 of the second portion 110 of the housing 102 by at least 0.1 mm,at least 0.2 mm, at least 0.3 mm, at least 0.4 mm, or at least 0.5 mm.In an embodiment, the second seal element 118 can overhang the secondportion 110 of the housing 102 on only one circumferential end thereof.In another embodiment, the second seal element 118 can overhang bothcircumferential ends of the second portion 110 of the housing 102. In amore particular embodiment, the second sealing element 118 can becircumferentially centered relative to the second portion 110 of thehousing 102. In such a manner, the circumferential overhang can beapproximately equal on both circumferential ends 128 of the subassembly.

In an embodiment, the groove 124 can extend from a radially innersurface 128 of the housing 102. In an embodiment, the groove 124 canhave a uniform profile as measured around the circumference of thehousing 102. In another embodiment, the groove 124 can have a variableprofile. The seal 104 can include a tail 126 disposed at least partiallywithin the groove 124.

The sealing edge 130 of the seal 104 can include a cross-sectionalprofile adapted to provide effective sealing characteristics against aninner component (not illustrated). In the illustrated embodiment, theseal 104 defines dual lips 132A and 132B connected at a hub 134. In aparticular embodiment, the lips 132A and 132B can be reflectively, orgenerally reflectively, symmetrical about a centerline of the seal 104.The sealing edge 130 is not intended to be limited to the illustrated orabove-described embodiments. In another embodiment, the sealing edge canbe non-reflectively symmetrical, include one or more additionalfeatures, or include only one lip or no hub.

FIG. 4 includes a cross-sectional view of the seal assembly 100 as seenalong Line A-A in FIG. 3. In an embodiment, the housing 102 can define abore 136 extending from a surface on a first axial end 138 of thehousing 102 in a direction toward a second axial end 140 thereof. In anembodiment, the bore 136 can define a depth less than an axial length ofthe housing 102. That is, the bore 136 can terminate within the housing102. In a particular embodiment, the housing 102 can define an axiallength, L_(HA), and the bore 136 can define a depth, D_(B), less than0.99 L_(HA), less than 0.95 L_(HA), less than 0.9 L_(HA), less than 0.8L_(HA), less than 0.7 L_(HA), less than 0.6 L_(HA), or less than 0.5L_(HA). In another particular embodiment, D_(B) can be no less than 0.2L_(HA), no less than 0.3 L_(HA), or no less than 0.4 L_(HA).

As illustrated, the bore 136 can be in fluid communication with thegroove 124 of the housing 102. In such a manner, the coupling element122 can pass through the bore 136 and extend through at least a portionof a volume defined by the groove 124 in which the seal 104 is disposed.In another embodiment, the bore 136 can define a central axis orientedgenerally perpendicular with a depth, D_(G), of the groove 124, asmeasured from the radially inner surface 128. In yet a furtherembodiment, the bore 136 can be angularly offset from the depth, D_(G),of the groove 124. For instance, the central axis of the bore 136 candefine a relative angle with the depth, D_(G), in a range of 1° and 89°,in a range of 5° and 80°, or in a range of 10° and 70°.

In an embodiment, the bore 136 can be coaxially aligned with a bore 142in the seal 104. In an embodiment, the bore 142 can pass through thetail 126 portion of the seal 104. The bore 142 can define a diameteradapted to receive the coupling element 122. In a particular embodiment,the bore 142 can define a same, or similar diameter as the bore 136 inthe housing 102. The coupling element 122 can be installed within thebore 136 of the housing 102 and pass into the bore 142 of the seal 104.In an embodiment, the coupling element 122 can further pass into thebore 136 of the housing 102 on the opposite side of the seal 104. Thecoupling element 122 can terminate within the housing 102 so as toprevent fluid egress through the bores 136 and 142 during operationaluse. In an embodiment, the coupling element 122 can be disposed entirelywithin an area defined between the first and second axial ends 138 and140 of the housing 102. In another embodiment, a portion of the couplingelement 122 can be exposed from the first axial end 138 of the housing102.

In an embodiment, the coupling element 122 can include a plurality ofcoupling elements. For instance, the coupling element 122 can include atleast two coupling elements, at least three coupling elements, or atleast four coupling elements. In an embodiment, the coupling elements122 can each be disposed within a bore extending at least partiallythrough the housing 102 and seal 104 (e.g., each coupling element 122can extend through a bore 136 in the housing 102 and a bore 142 in theseal 104). In certain instances, the coupling elements 122 are disposedadjacent to the circumferential ends 128 of the subassemblies.

FIG. 1 illustrates a seal assembly utilizing a plurality of couplingelements 122. The coupling elements 122 are disposed adjacent tocircumferential ends of the subassemblies. In an embodiment, thecoupling element 122 can be disposed closer to the circumferential ends128 of the second portion 110 of the housing 102 and second seal element118 than a middle portion thereof. For example, in a particularembodiment, the second portion 110 of the housing 102 and second sealelement 118 can define a circumferential length, L_(H), as measured byan average circumferential length in the installed state. A firstcoupling element 122 can be disposed at a first location between 0.0L_(H) and 0.2 L_(H), and a second coupling element 122 can be disposedat a second location between 0.8 L_(H) and 1.0 L_(H). In a moreparticular embodiment, the first location can be disposed between 0.01L_(H) and 0.2 L_(H), and the second location can be disposed between 0.8L_(H) and 0.99 L_(H). In such a manner, the coupling elements 122 can bespaced apart from the circumferential ends 128 of the subassemblies butdisposed adjacent thereto. In non-illustrated embodiments, the couplingelements 122 can include other engagement elements configured to engagethe housing 102 and seal 104 portions of the subassembly together.

Seal assemblies 100 described in accordance with embodiments herein maybe formed in various ways. One exemplary method includes installing asealing element into a groove defined by a housing and coupling thesealing element to the housing to restrict relative movement between thehousing and the sealing element. The method can further include sizingthe sealing element after coupling the sealing element to the housing.Sizing can include, for example, cutting, trimming, skiving, orotherwise removing excess material from the sealing element. Sizing thesealing element after coupling it to the housing can permit exactdimensioning of the sealing element relative to the specific housing. Insuch a manner, seal element overhang can be precisely controlled withoutusing expensive and time consuming tooling and processing.

In an embodiment, the seal assembly 100 can include a split seal havingtwo portions (e.g., two halves) engaged together in use to provideeffective sealing characteristics. Each portion can include asubassembly defined by a portion of the seal and a portion of thehousing. In a particular embodiment, the first and second subassembliescan have the same or generally same characteristics as compared to oneanother (e.g., same circumferential lengths). In an embodiment, thefirst and second subassemblies can be formed similar to one another. Inanother embodiment, the first and second assemblies can be formed usingdifferent methods.

In certain instances, the sealing element can be installed within thegroove by press fitting. In other instances, the sealing element can beslid into the groove. The seal can have a circumferential length greaterthan a circumferential length of the housing. In an embodiment, thecircumferential length of the sealing element is at least 10 mm greaterthan the circumferential length of the housing, at least 15 mm greaterthan the circumferential length of the housing, at least 20 mm greaterthan the circumferential length of the housing, at least 30 mm greaterthan the circumferential length of the housing, at least 40 mm greaterthan the circumferential length of the housing, or at least 50 mmgreater than the circumferential length of the housing. In anotherembodiment, the circumferential length of the sealing element is nogreater than 100 cm greater than the circumferential length of thehousing.

In an embodiment, a bore is formed in the housing prior to installingthe sealing element therein. After installing the sealing element intothe groove, the bore can be passed through the sealing element. That is,for instance, the bore in the sealing element can be formed in situ. Inanother embodiment, the bore within the housing and the bore within thesealing element can be formed at a same time as one another.

A coupling element can be installed within the bore to couple thesealing element and housing together. The coupling element can include,for example, a fastener. The fastener can be inserted into the bore andpassed into the seal assembly so that the sealing element is secured tothe housing. In an embodiment, a threaded fastener such as a pinolscrew, may be used. The housing or seal may include threads or othercomplementary engagement features adapted to interface with the fastenerto secure the fastener thereto. In an embodiment, the fastener canfurther be adhered to the housing or seal to prevent extrusiontherefrom.

The sealing element can be sized after being coupled to the housing.Sizing may involve removing an exposed edge of the sealing element insuccessive passes (e.g., by a blade, laser, or other material removingdevice), or in one single pass. In certain instances, thecircumferential length of the sealing element can remain greater thanthe circumferential length of the housing after sizing is completed. Insuch a manner, the sealing elements of the subassemblies can be pressedagainst one another in interference so as enhance fluidic sealing.

Seal assemblies 100 in accordance with embodiments described herein mayavoid issues from shrinking caused by temperature gradients experiencedin certain working environments, such as within crankshaft housings.More particularly, seal assemblies 100 in accordance with embodimentsdescribed herein may permit split ring sealing without incurring leakagetypically experienced by split seal designs.

Over time, seals can degrade (particularly those seals in hostileenvironments subject to high wear or corrosive fluids) and need to bereplaced. In certain instances, replacement can be difficult utilizingthe original seal, as the geometry of the nearby environment mayprohibit certain installation techniques. For example, during initialassembly the seal may have been installed through an action or step thatis no longer possible due to further assembly of the nearby environment.By way of a non-limiting example, the initial assembly environment of acrankshaft housing may have permitted axial displacement of a seal intoposition along a shaft. However, replacement of the seal may requirelateral translation as axial ends of the shaft have become inaccessible.Seal assemblies 100 in accordance with one or more embodiments describedherein can be adapted to be installed relative to an inner componentwithout requiring axial displacement of the seal along the innercomponent. In a particular embodiment, seal assemblies 100 in accordancewith embodiments described herein can be installed transversely using atwo piece housing and seal coupled together in situ.

Many different aspects and embodiments are possible. Some of thoseaspects and embodiments are described below. After reading thisspecification, skilled artisans will appreciate that those aspects andembodiments are only illustrative and do not limit the scope of thepresent invention. Embodiments may be in accordance with any one or moreof the embodiments as listed below.

Embodiment 1

A seal assembly comprising:

-   -   a housing defining a groove;    -   a seal disposed in the groove of the housing; and    -   a coupling element adapted to restrict relative movement between        the housing and the seal.

Embodiment 2

The seal assembly of embodiment 1, wherein the seal assembly comprises asplit seal assembly, and wherein the housing and seal comprise a portionof the split seal assembly.

Embodiment 3

The seal assembly of any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein theseal assembly comprises a first portion and a second portion, andwherein the first and second portions define the same circumferentiallengths as compared to one another.

Embodiment 4

The seal assembly of any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein theseal defines a relaxed circumferential length, L_(SR), and the groovedefines a circumferential length, L_(G), and wherein L_(S) is greaterthan L_(G).

Embodiment 5

The seal assembly of embodiment 4, wherein L_(SR) is at least 0.1 mmgreater than L_(G), at least 0.2 mm greater than L_(G), at least 0.5 mmgreater than L_(G), or at least 1 mm greater than L_(G).

Embodiment 6

The seal assembly of any one of embodiments 2-5, wherein the seal iscircumferentially centered relative to the housing.

Embodiment 7

The seal assembly of any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thegroove is disposed on a radially inner surface of the housing, andwherein an inner diameter of the seal assembly is defined by the seal.

Embodiment 8

The seal assembly of any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thecoupling element is disposed within a bore of the housing, and whereinthe bore defines a depth less than an axial length of the housing.

Embodiment 9

The seal assembly of embodiment 8, wherein the bore extends from a firstaxial end of the housing in a direction toward a second axial end of thehousing.

Embodiment 10

The seal assembly of any one of embodiments 8 and 9, wherein the bore isin fluid communication with the groove of the housing.

Embodiment 11

The seal assembly of any one of embodiments 8-10, wherein the boredefines a central axis oriented generally perpendicular with a depth ofthe groove.

Embodiment 12

The seal assembly of any one of embodiments 8-11, wherein the couplingelement is further disposed in a bore of the seal.

Embodiment 13

The seal assembly of any one of embodiments 8-12, wherein the housingcomprises a first portion defining circumferential ends spaced apart bya circumferential length of the first portion, and wherein the bore isdisposed closer to the circumferential end of the first portion than amiddle portion thereof.

Embodiment 14

The seal assembly of any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thecoupling element comprises a plurality of coupling elements including afirst coupling element and a second coupling element.

Embodiment 15

The seal assembly of embodiment 14, wherein the first coupling elementis disposed adjacent to a first circumferential end of the housing andwherein the second coupling element is disposed adjacent to a secondcircumferential end of the housing.

Embodiment 16

The seal assembly of any one of embodiments 14 and 15, wherein thehousing defines a circumferential length, L_(H), wherein the firstcoupling element is disposed at a first location between 0.0 L_(H) and0.2 L_(H), and wherein the second coupling element is disposed at asecond location between 0.8 L_(H) and 1.0 L_(H).

Embodiment 17

The seal assembly of any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thecoupling element comprises a threaded fastener.

Embodiment 18

The seal assembly of any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein theseal comprises a polymeric material.

Embodiment 19

The seal assembly of any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein thehousing comprises a rigid material, such as a metal or alloy.

Embodiment 20

A seal assembly comprising:

-   -   a split housing comprising:        -   a first portion; and        -   a second portion, wherein the first and second portions each            define a groove;    -   a split seal comprising:        -   a first seal element disposed in the groove of the first            portion of the split housing; and        -   a second seal element disposed in the groove of the second            portion of the split housing;    -   a first coupling element adapted to restrict relative movement        between the first portion of the split housing and the first        seal element of the split seal; and    -   a second coupling element adapted to restrict relative movement        between the second portion of the split housing and the second        seal element of the split seal.

Embodiment 21

The seal assembly of embodiment 20, wherein the first and secondportions of the split housing define same circumferential lengths ascompared to one another.

Embodiment 22

The seal assembly of any one of embodiments 20 and 21, wherein the firstseal element defines a relaxed circumferential length, L_(SR), and aneffective circumferential length, L_(SE), as measured when the sealassembly is in use, and wherein L_(SR) is greater than L_(SE).

Embodiment 23

The seal assembly of any one of embodiments 20-22, wherein the groove isdisposed on radially inner surfaces of the first and second halves ofthe split housing.

Embodiment 24

The seal assembly of any one of embodiments 20-23, wherein the first andsecond seal elements have same dimensions as compared to one another.

Embodiment 25

The seal assembly of any one of embodiments 20-24, wherein the first andsecond portions of the split housing are coupled together by one or morefasteners.

Embodiment 26

A method of forming a seal comprising:

-   -   installing a sealing element into a groove defined by a housing;    -   coupling the sealing element to the housing to restrict relative        movement between the housing and sealing element; and    -   sizing the sealing element after coupling the sealing element to        the housing.

Embodiment 27

The method of embodiment 26, wherein installing the sealing element intothe groove is performed by press fitting.

Embodiment 28

The method of any one of embodiments 26 and 27, wherein coupling thesealing element to the housing is performed by a coupling element, suchas a threaded fastener.

Embodiment 29

The method of embodiment 28, wherein coupling the sealing element to thehousing is performed by positioning the entire coupling element within avolume defined by an outer diameter of the housing.

Embodiment 30

The method of any one of embodiments 26-29, wherein coupling the sealingelement to the housing further comprises:

forming a bore in the housing; and

forming a bore in the sealing element.

Embodiment 31

The method of embodiment 30, wherein forming the bores in the housingand sealing element occurs at a same time or different times.

Embodiment 32

The method of any one of embodiments 30 and 31, wherein forming the borein the housing is performed prior to installing the sealing element intothe groove.

Embodiment 33

The method of any one of embodiments 30-32, wherein forming the bore inthe sealing element is performed after installing the sealing elementinto the groove.

Embodiment 34

The method of any one of embodiments 30-33, wherein the bore in thehousing is approximately the same diameter as the bore in the sealingelement.

Embodiment 35

The method of any one of embodiments 30-34, wherein forming the bore inthe housing is performed such that a depth of the bore is less than anaxial length of the housing.

Embodiment 36

The method of any one of embodiments 30-35, wherein forming the bore inthe housing comprises forming a plurality of bores in the housing.

Embodiment 37

The method of embodiment 36, wherein the plurality of bores defineapproximately same depths as compared to one another.

Embodiment 38

The method of any one of embodiments 36 and 37, wherein the sealcomprises a split seal including a first half and a second half, andwherein the plurality of bores includes a first bore disposed adjacentto a first circumferential end of the first half and a second boredisposed adjacent to a second circumferential end of the first half.

Embodiment 39

The method of any one of embodiments 26-38, wherein sizing the sealingelement comprises cutting exposed ends of the sealing element.

Embodiment 40

The method of any one of embodiments 26-39, wherein the seal comprises asplit seal including a first half and a second half, and wherein thesealing element of the first half defines a circumferential lengthgreater than a circumferential length of the housing of the first half,as measured after sizing the sealing element.

Embodiment 41

The method of embodiment 40, wherein the sealing element defines atleast one exposed portion extending circumferentially beyond thehousing, the exposed portion having a circumferential length of at least0.1 mm, at least 0.2 mm, at least 0.3 mm, at least 0.4 mm, or at least0.5 mm.

Embodiment 42

The method of any one of embodiments 26-41, further comprising engaginga first circumferential half of the seal with a second circumferentialhalf of the seal after sizing the sealing element.

Certain features, for clarity, described herein in the context ofseparate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a singleembodiment. Conversely, various features that are, for brevity,described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be providedseparately or in any subcombination. Further, reference to values statedin ranges includes each and every value within that range.

Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have beendescribed above with regard to specific embodiments. However, thebenefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any feature(s) that maycause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become morepronounced are not to be construed as a critical, required, or essentialfeature of any or all the claims.

The specification and illustrations of the embodiments described hereinare intended to provide a general understanding of the structure of thevarious embodiments. The specification and illustrations are notintended to serve as an exhaustive and comprehensive description of allof the elements and features of apparatus and systems that use thestructures or methods described herein. Separate embodiments may also beprovided in combination in a single embodiment, and conversely, variousfeatures that are, for brevity, described in the context of a singleembodiment, may also be provided separately or in any subcombination.Further, reference to values stated in ranges includes each and everyvalue within that range. Many other embodiments may be apparent toskilled artisans only after reading this specification. Otherembodiments may be used and derived from the disclosure, such that astructural substitution, logical substitution, or another change may bemade without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Accordingly,the disclosure is to be regarded as illustrative rather thanrestrictive.

1. A seal assembly comprising: a housing defining a groove; a sealdisposed in the groove of the housing; and a coupling element adapted torestrict relative movement between the housing and the seal.
 2. The sealassembly of claim 1, wherein the seal assembly comprises a split sealassembly, and wherein the housing and seal comprise a portion of thesplit seal assembly.
 3. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the sealassembly comprises a first portion and a second portion, and wherein thefirst and second portions define the same circumferential lengths ascompared to one another.
 4. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein theseal defines a relaxed circumferential length, L_(SR), and the groovedefines a circumferential length, L_(G), and wherein L_(S) is greaterthan L_(G).
 5. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the groove isdisposed on a radially inner surface of the housing, and wherein aninner diameter of the seal assembly is defined by the seal.
 6. The sealassembly of claim 1, wherein the coupling element is disposed within abore of the housing, and wherein the bore defines a depth less than anaxial length of the housing.
 7. The seal assembly of claim 6, whereinthe bore extends from a first axial end of the housing in a directiontoward a second axial end of the housing.
 8. The seal assembly of claim6, wherein the bore is in fluid communication with the groove of thehousing.
 9. The seal assembly of claim 6, wherein the bore defines acentral axis oriented generally perpendicular with a depth of thegroove.
 10. The seal assembly of claim 6, wherein the coupling elementis further disposed in a bore of the seal.
 11. The seal assembly ofclaim 6, wherein the housing comprises a first portion definingcircumferential ends spaced apart by a circumferential length of thefirst portion, and wherein the bore is disposed closer to thecircumferential end of the first portion than a middle portion thereof.12. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the coupling element comprisesa plurality of coupling elements including a first coupling element anda second coupling element.
 13. The seal assembly of claim 12, whereinthe first coupling element is disposed adjacent to a firstcircumferential end of the housing and wherein the second couplingelement is disposed adjacent to a second circumferential end of thehousing.
 14. A seal assembly comprising: a split housing comprising: afirst portion; and a second portion, wherein the first and secondportions each define a groove; a split seal comprising: a first sealelement disposed in the groove of the first portion of the splithousing; and a second seal element disposed in the groove of the secondportion of the split housing; a first coupling element adapted torestrict relative movement between the first portion of the splithousing and the first seal element of the split seal; and a secondcoupling element adapted to restrict relative movement between thesecond portion of the split housing and the second seal element of thesplit seal.
 15. The seal assembly of claim 14, wherein the first sealelement defines a relaxed circumferential length, L_(SR), and aneffective circumferential length, L_(SE), as measured when the sealassembly is in use, and wherein L_(SR) is greater than L_(SE).
 16. Amethod of forming a seal comprising: installing a sealing element into agroove defined by a housing; coupling the sealing element to the housingto restrict relative movement between the housing and sealing element;and sizing the sealing element after coupling the sealing element to thehousing.
 17. The method of claim 16, wherein coupling the sealingelement to the housing is performed by a coupling element.
 18. Themethod of claim 17, wherein coupling the sealing element to the housingis performed by positioning the entire coupling element within a volumedefined by an outer diameter of the housing.
 19. The method of claim 16,wherein coupling the sealing element to the housing further comprises:forming a bore in the housing; and forming a bore in the sealingelement.
 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the seal comprises a splitseal including a first half and a second half, and wherein the pluralityof bores includes a first bore disposed adjacent to a firstcircumferential end of the first half and a second bore disposedadjacent to a second circumferential end of the first half.